improved crop varieties

Improved Varieties of Wheat, Paddy, Mustard and Pigeon pea ... Adoption of Improved Bread Wheat Varieties on Small-Scale ... A greater understanding of plant mechanisms that increase yields in variable environments is essential to drive the necessary gains in crop improvement, which can be fuelled by genetic diversity and implemented by genome-scale breeding, finely-tuned gene engineering and more-precise agronomic management practices. Description This book contains 21 chapters presenting the most comprehensive, accurate and informative view of the spread of improved crop cultivars in Africa south of Sahara. 1. The improved crop varieties . Need for adapted crops/varieties: Reduced availability of farm labor due to other economic activities: Crops/varieties, which require less labor, required: Access to agricultural inputs (such as seed, fertilizer, pesticides) New options to grow crops/varieties with higher yield potential, able to respond to improved soil fertility Genetic strategies for improving crop yields Number of the improved fruit crops released in Bhutan (1988-2017) Approximately 50 to 60% of this increase has been attributed to improved crop cultivars (varieties), with the remainder of the yield improvement attributable to improved crop Economic benefits of crop diversity - Crop Trust It helps in the development of crops with desired traits such as high yields, disease resistance, quality product and response to fertilizers. Developing improved crop varieties through plant breeding is one way to address this issue." The two cowpea varieties, Lunkhwakwa and Lukusuzi, developed using irradiation, which speeds up the natural process of producing genetic variation in plants, are being multiplied and the seeds will be distributed to 800 farmers in November of this . Economic benefits of crop diversity - Crop Trust It was developed by selection from germplasm collected from Uttar Pradesh by CCS HAU, Hisar. • Nepal so far has released and registered more than one hundred rice varieties with full package of practices within the span of about fifty (50) years. 21.4 It has profuse tillering. Crop protection management. PDF Improved Crop Varieties Recommended for Punjab Improved crops can have more farmer-preferred traits like higher yields or desired coloration. To improve the agricultural productivity and farmers' livelihoods, several agricultural technologies (improved crop varieties and related agricultural practices) were introduced by various agencies to the farmers in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia. JP 33, JP 52, JP 61, JP 64, JP 81 and JP Karishma 100 are the improved wheat varieties developed by Jai Prakash. Metrics. Ultimately, the application of this model could help farmers and agricultural scientists to develop methods to improve yields for important crops like wheat and, in the future, help to address the . The introduction of new cultivated species and improved varieties of crop is a technology aimed at enhancing plant productivity, quality, health and nutritional value and/or building crop resilience to diseases, pest organisms and environmental stresses. This variety has medium tall plants and the seeds are creamy white in colour. Crop variety improvement is the primary step to improve food crop production. The days to maturity in these varieties varies from 95-100 days . The crop yield improvement is basically done for the following factors: Higher yield: You can achieve a higher yield of crops by developing HYV (high yielding variety) crops. Developing Crop Varieties with Improved Nutrient-Use Efficiency. Breeding will be useful to select various strains of crops for features such as disease resistance, fertilizer response, product quality and high yields . Post-Green Revolution challenges Gonzalez-Cepero/INCA) During the interactive session, speaking on improved rice varieties and the latest farming technologies, Dr. Ashish Kumar Srivastava, from IRRI SARC also provided an overview of agronomic management practices for the newly-released DTRVs. Abstract: Abstract The South Korean government's historical efforts to introduce improved crop varieties have been ambiguously successful. The green fodder yield is . The number of pods per plant in cases of Kudrat 3, Chamatkar and Karishma are 500-1000, 400-600 and 450-650 respectively while the . New crop plants suited to growth in semiarid environments will be fundamental to the future of . Scientists at the U.S. Department of Agriculture are developing research-based technologies to help farmers increase productivity and production efficiency while practicing sustainable agriculture. Of these, 7 are crop varieties from cereals, 9 crop varieties from pulses and Oil crops and 5 are crop varieties from seed spices. Crop diversity is the raw material for the development of new and improved varieties, which provide a range of important benefits to farmers and consumers. Descriptive statistics like mean and tabulation were used to analyse the crop performance concerning yield of the experiment harvested from demonstration plot. Fertilizer use. The country needs improved varieties because of its location, according to Jemal Abdulahi (PhD), assistant professor of plant science at Haramaya University. Desirable traits included crop varieties (also known as cultivars, . The combination of high-yield crop varieties and the widespread use of inorganic fertilizers markedly improved crop production, with clear benefits in terms of food security 15 . Chapter 16 (Page no: 314) Impacts of improved bean varieties on poverty and food security in Uganda and Rwanda. development and dissemination of many improved crop varieties (ICV) for cultivation by farmers worldwide. Generally, the improved varieties were not showed their maximum potential yield due to shortage of rain fall when compared to the adaptation yield of 15.82qt/ha for Tseday and 15.61qt/ha for Boset in midland agro ecology of Guji Zone (Aliyi et al., 2016 . This paper analyzes factors underpinning the adoption of improved groundnut varieties among farmers to pave the way for upscaling quality seed used for increased production and commodity business in farming communities. "Matching management practices can produce 0.5 to 1.0 t/ha additional yield of DTRVs when they are . Some studies in West Africa using the economic surplus approach show that adoption of improved maize varieties is associated with improved household welfare ( Alene et . Adama from June 3-5, 2021, twenty one improved crop varieties were released by IQQO/OARI. Abstract: The use of improved high yielding crop varieties is an important avenue for reducing hunger and food insecurity in developing countries. This paper examined the effect of variety attributes on adoption of improved sorghum varieties in Kenya. C himwemwe Elifala, 29, is a farmer from Madimbo Village in Mchinji District. Using cross-sectional data obtained from a survey conducted during 2013 crop season, we performed a probit model (plot-level analysis) to determine the Maize 4 3. Historically, famine has been one of humanity's greatest threats—it claimed nearly 20-40 million lives in China in 1958-61, killed up to 4 million in 1943 in India, and continues to plague the Sahel region in Africa. Researchers have been assembling and managing ex situ collections of crop diversity in a systematic manner for over a century, securing traditional crop varieties and related wild species . Moreover, it should be sown by mid-October. Of these, 7 are crop varieties from cereals, 9 crop varieties from pulses and Oil crops and 5 are crop varieties from seed spices. Schulte-Geldermann points to a few: Banana hybrids that are genetically close to dessert bananas and exhibit resistance to black sigatoka and fusarium Crop improvement, adoption, and impact of improved varieties in food crops in sub-Saharan Africa. The ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (CTCRI) in association with the State Agriculture Department, is popularising climate-resilient, improved varieties of tuber crops developed by it . Initial challenge to improve crop yields is to find a crop variety that increase crop yield. Norton, E. Katungi and R.A. Labarta 17 the Diffusion and Impact of Improved Food Crop Varieties in Sub-Saharan Africa 338 K. Fuglie and J. Marder PArt 4 SyntHESES AnD LESSonS LEArnED ABout HoW to CArry out FuturE rESEArCH Plant breeding has several useful applications in the improvement of crop plants. Thus farmers must be empowered with skills in modern crop husbandry and be availed improved crop varieties to advance productivity to enable them sustain supply of quality raw materials for the agro-processing industries. improved crop varieties, majority of the farmers grow the improved and the traditional varieties. Using sophisticated genetic engineering or selective breeding, IITA develops a wide range of staple crop varieties for different situations and purposes. During demonstration of teff the lowest yield (7.88qt/ha) was obtained from local variety. Research is underway to improve crop varieties with higher yields, strengthen stress tolerance, disease and pest resistance, decrease input costs, and increase nutritional value. Farmers are faced with the challenge of producing sufficient crops to meet growing consumer demand while maintaining the quality and quantity of resources for future generations. The project focused on 20 crops and 30 countries - 152 crop-country combinations, together representing over 70 percent of the region's total agricultural production value. ICAR's Central Tuber Research Institute (CTCRI), in association with the National Department of Agriculture (NDA), is promoting improved and climate-resilient varieties of tubers developed by it among tribal communities within the state. The South Korean government's historical efforts to introduce improved crop varieties have been ambiguously successful. However, - Protecting the crop from loss. We can raise different strains of food crops with desirable traits naturally as well as scientifically. Researchers have been assembling and managing ex situ collections of crop diversity in a systematic manner for over a century, securing traditional crop varieties and related wild species . These breeding techniques have been used to develop higher-yielding varieties, including plants resistant to pests or disease. Using data from a random sample of 140 farmers, a multivariate probit was used to identify variety-specific drivers of adoption. However substantial number of the farmers were still holding on to the traditional crop varieties thus these farmers had not adopted any kind of improved crop varieties (Table 1). Agriculture is its mainstay, with cereal cultivation Read more. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most crop grown in the highlands of and thi region is regarded as the second largest wheat production in sub-Saharan Africa and its contribution to the human diet put it Cleary in the first rank of plants that feed the world. The wheat cultivar variety Raj 3077 was used in the experiment because it is well adapted to the region due to its flexible sowing dates and tolerance to light-to-moderate saline/alkaline conditions. According to the Zimbabwe 2021 crop and livestock survey report [1], area planted with biofortified crops in the 2020/21 season was 11,990 ha (7,662 ha in vitamin A maize (0.4% of total maize area), and 4,328 ha in iron beans (12% of total bean area). November 5th, 2021 Posted by Rachel Harrison-NYU. Tuber crop farming. The introduction of seed of improved varieties to poor farmers would need to be accompanied with access to the knowledge and inputs to successfully grow these varieties (Y. Tadesse et al., unpublished data) and possibly the creation of opportunities for non-farm income generating activities and/or making low-interest loans available. The three Pigeon pea varieties, Kudrat 3, Chamatkar, Karishma were developed from Asha and Malviya 13 varieties. During the first round meeting of the National Variety Release Committee (NVRC), which held at Adama from June 3-5, 2021, twenty one improved crop varieties were released by IQQO/OARI. Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. Other improved crop varieties have a greater adaptability to a changing climatic, biological, or physical environment. improved crop varieties Community participation: Greening the Aba Gerima watershed in Ethiopia 07 May 2021 The Aba Gerima watershed covers the upper portion of Lake Tana sub-basin in north-western Ethiopia. This paper contrasts that experience with the . 16 Impacts of Improved Bean Varieties on Poverty and Food Security in uganda and rwanda 314 C. Larochelle, J. Alwang, G.W. Number of the improved field crops released in Bhutan (1988 ± 2017) Field crops Total nos. The foundation of Mendelian genetics enabled plant breeders to cross plants with new precision, carefully manipulating the plant genome to produce new, improved varieties.
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